On a modern microcomputer, the data inversion takes less than a minute for small surveys with 100 electrodes in a flat area, to several hours for extremely large surveys with 6000 electrodes in rugged terrain. It supports parallel calculations that significantly reduces the inversion time. A Intel multi-core (or compatible CPU) based microcomputer with at least 2 GB RAM and an 500 gigabyte hard-disk is recommended. Like RES2DINV, it is completely automatic and the user does not even have to supply a starting model. The arrays supported include the pole-pole, pole-dipole, inline dipole-dipole, equatorial dipole-dipole and Wenner-Schlumberger and non-conventional arrays.The RES3DINVx32/圆4 programs use the smoothness-constrained Gauss-Newton least-squares inversion technique to produce a 3D model of the subsurface from the apparent resistivity data alone. In areas with complex structures, there is no substitute for a fully 3D survey. The main limitation of such surveys is probably the assumption of a 2D structure. In areas where the geological structures are approximately two-dimensional (2D), conventional 2D electrical imaging surveys have been successfully used. Chemical Engineering Journal, 77, 11-18.) is used for IP data inversion. Complex resistivity tomography for environmental applications. The complex resistivity method (Kenma, A., Binley, A., Ramirez, A. Resistivity information from borehole and other sources can also be included to constrain the inversion process. A robust data inversion option is also available to reduce the effect of noisy data points. Two different variations of the smoothness constrained least-squares method are provided one optimised for areas where the subsurface resistivity varies in a smooth manner (such as chemical plumes), and another optimised for areas with sharp boundaries (such as massive ore bodies). The smoothing filter can be adjusted to emphasize resistivity variations in the vertical or horizontal directions. However, the parameters which affects the inversion process can be modified by the user. The program will automatically choose the optimum inversion parameters for a particular data set.
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